Machine for making hoes and shovels



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. E. MAROHAND. MACHINE FOR MAKING 1103s 03 SHOVELS.

No. 401,656. Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

,im enzor'. a 6 ja /M (No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 2.

H. E. MAROHAND.

MAGHINE FOR MAKING R038 03 SHOVELS. No. 401,656. Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

I E f i' i6 i .2" 3 a ,4, /J, firm. yfj jzd/w (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

H E MARCHAND MACHINE FOR MAKING HOES 0R SHOVELS. N0. 401,656.

Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

H. E. MARCHAND. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOES 0R SHOVELS. o. 401,656.

Patented Apr. 16, 1889).

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY E. MARGHAND, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOES AND SHOVELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,656, dated April 16, 1889.

Application filed October 9, 1883. Serial No. 108,533. (No model.)

do declare the following to be a full, clear, and,

exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a machine for pressing and shaping 'metal blanks, and is designed especially for acting upon blanks used in the manufacture of hoes of that class in which the blade and the tang, shank, or socket are formed from one piece of metal. The machine is also capable of other uses with slight modifications in the form of the shaping devices and dies; and the invention consists in the construction, arrangement, and

combination of parts, substantially as will be hereinafter described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the annexed drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of my improved pressing and shaping machine. Fig. 2 is a plan of the removable anvil-block and connection. Fig. 3 is a front view of the machine, partly in section. Fig. 4 is a vertical elevation of the frame together with the folding or shaping mechanism. Fig. 5 is a section of the same on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are transverse sections of the folder, showing the same opened and closed respectively. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the sliding former. 9 and 10 represent plans of the blank from which is formed a shank hoe or a socket-hoe, respectively, the hoe-blade in each case being formed in one piece with its shank or socket; and Fig. 11 is a perspective of a socket-hoe completed and ready for the attachment of the handle. Fig.12 represents the sliding former in an inclined position.

Similar letters of reference are used to designate the same parts in the several views.

In carrying my invention into effect I prefer to so construct the machine as to embody the principles hereinafter more fully described, though the precise details may be varied somewhat to correspond with the character of the metallic blank operated upon and the requirements of the article to be manufactured.

The machine illustrated in the drawings is designed especially for pressing and shaping that class of hoes the blades of which are formed in one piece with their shanks or sockets, the object being to provide a machine of simple construction for the purpose of pressing or forming the hoe-blank with its shank or socket into the desired shape at one opera tion.

The machine may be adapted to form hoeblades with either shanks or sockets; and it may also be successfully employed, with slight modifications in structure, for the ac plishment of other results.

Referring to the drawings, the letter A designates a frame, that may be constructed as shown or in any convenient and suitable form. This frame is provided with a pistonrod, B, that carries at its lower end a yielding or self-adjusting die, 0. The piston-head D is inclosed in a steam-cylinder, E, having suitable induction and eduction ports, a a, that are governed by a valve, F, in any convenient and well-known manner.

G represents a stationary anvil, having bearings b b for journaling a rock-shaft, c, that carries the folder H. The rock-shaft o is provided at one end with a gear, d, that meshes with a rack e on the frame A.

The die 0 is provided with a sliding former, I, that is dovetailed thereto by means of grooves and guides, as shown in Fig. 3, the former being thus capable of being made to slide along the under face of the die, as hereinafter explained. An oblong semicircular groove is formed in the contiguous faces of the die and slide, respectively, thereby forming a cylindrical recess for the reception of a spiral spring, f, that returns the slide I to its normal position after it has been moved along the face of the die. The slide or former I is provided at one end. with a tumbler, g, and it (the former I) is moved outward or withdrawn along the face of the die by means of a projection, h, on the frame A coming in contact with said tumbler, when the frame is caused to descend by the expansion of steam against the piston-head. The opposite end of the slide 1 is pointed or beveled, and may carry a short vertical mandrel, i. The piston-rod B, die 0, and slide or former I are all caused to descend at the same time, thereby pressing the blank upon the anvil G and imparting the desired form to its socket by means of a folder, H, and the beveled end of the sliding former. When the piston-head is relieved from the pressure of steam on its upper side, the piston is forced upward by the pressure of-the steam admitted to the under side of the piston-head combining with the elasticity of a spiral spring, K,that surrounds the lower end of the piston-rod, which is slotted for the passage of a pin, is, that also passes through a slotted thimble, m. The lower end of this thimble is provided with a flange that fits into an annular recess formed in the lower end of a flanged cap or bushing, 0, by means of which the piston-rod and die are detachably connected.

The folder H is elongated and formed to correspond with the shape of the shank or socket to be formed on the hoe -blade, as shown in the drawings, Figs. 2, 6, and 7.

If a shank-hoe is to be made, the leaves of the folder H will be formed with flat inner surfaces, as shown in Fig. 2, so that when the leaves are closed upon the shank portion of the hoe-blank said shank portion will be folded longitudinally to a double thickness throughout, thus forming a shank or tang for the hoe. When a cylindrical or coniform socket is to be formed on the hoe-blank, the leaves of the folder II will be concaved, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

In forming a socketed shank the folder H acts in. conjunction with a cylindrical mandrel, L, and semicircular or concave projections M M, that are formed on or carried by the frame A, as shown in Fig. 4.. When a shank-hoe is to be made, the mandrel L is dispensed with or replaced by a flat mandrel.

The operating parts of the machine, as above described, are supported by a stand, A, Fig. 3, of any suitable construction.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The blank, Fig. 9 or Fig. 10, being first heated to the proper point, is laid on the anvil-block G, with its socket or shank end projecting over the folder H. When the piston B and the die 0 are in their normal or raised position, there will be a space of about one and a half inch between the die and the anvil, or sufficient to permit the introduction of the blank and allow for play of the die. After the blank is thus placed in position steam is admitted to the cylinder E above the pistonhead D, so as to cause the die 0 to descend,

thereby catching and holding the blank. The

movement of the piston-rod and its attachthe end of the sliding former.

ments continuing, the rack e, meshing with the gear d, turns the rock-shaftc and the folder I-I, thereby folding the socket of the hoe against the former I and mandrel L and in contact with the inner surfaces of the concave projections M M. In the meantime the arm or projection it strikes the tumbler g, thereby drawing the slide I backward, so that the socket portion of the blank at its junction with the blade may be turned up opposite the pointed end of the sliding former by the action of the folder. WVhen the piston B and frame A commence to ascend, the projection h releases the tumbler g, and the pointed end of the former I by the elastic force of the spring f is thus caused to strike the blank on the line at y and y 2, Figs. 9 and 10, thereby causing the blank to be bent or folded on said lines, a portion of the socket being formed by pressure against the short mandrel i at The slide I must be withdrawn by the action of the arm h and tumbler g at the proper moment to allow the ears p p to be folded down on the blade P of the hoe, as shown in Fig. 11, by pressure between the anvil and die. Should the hoeblank be formed of material having a suitable degree of stiffness, the ears p p, when folded down against the hoe-blade, may be left unsecured; or, if desired, they may be riveted, brazed, or otherwise fastened thereto. In thus forming the hoe-blade the former I and mandrel z' for shaping the socket may be arranged with such inclination and at such distance apart as to form the kink, (designated by the letter 8 in Fig. 11,) thereby imparting a peculiar rake to the implement.

The mandrel L may be provided with means for punching a rivet-hole, t, for use in securing the handle.

It will be understood that when the machine is used for making shanked hoes from a blank such as that shown in Fig. 9 the form of the mandrel L and projections M M will be somewhat modified.

It is also obvious that with more or less modifications the machine may be readily adapted for use in the manufacture of other varieties of hoes, and also of many analogous articles. I therefore do not wish to confine myself to the details of construction hereinbefore specified.

It will be observed that as the frame A and piston B descend the blank which rests on the anvil G is first caught and held by the die 0. The rack e on the frame A at the same time actuates the gear d and rock-shaft 0, so as to cause the folder H to bend the shank or socket portion of the blank upward against or opposite the pointed end of the sliding former I. When the frame A has descended a sufficient distance, its projection h engages the tumbler g and draws the sliding former back in season to permit the shank or socket to be turned upward, and the continued downward movement of the frame A brings the projections M M in contact with the upper end of the folder H, thereby closing it around the mandrel, so as to form the socket. As soon as the folder H closes on the mandrel and intermediate metal, the frame A commences to ascend, thereby disengaging the projection h and tumbler g and permitting the former Ito resume its normal position under the action of the spring f in season to determine the line of fold between the hoe-blade and its socket. The slotted thinible m, by means of Which the piston B and die 0 are connected, permits the piston and its attached frame A to have a greater length of stroke than the die 0, and enables the parts to be so adjusted as to properly time the different steps of the operation.

Instead of actuating the die and other shaping mechanism by means of a piston and connected parts, as shown, they may be operated by a suitable lever or levers or by any appropriate gearing-such as pulleys and belting-or otherwise in any convenient manner.

It may also be remarked that the opposing surfaces of the die O, former I, and anvil G may be arranged either horizontally or at any suitable inclination, as found most convenient. In Fig. 12 the lower face of the die and the upper surface of the anvil G are shown inclined, the intervening former or slide I being arranged to conform thereto. This arrangement of said parts Will facilitate the operation of forming the hoe and its shank or socket with the requisite rake or inclination.

It is also obvious that the sliding former I may be made either With or Without the short mandrel 2', as desired.

Various other modifications in the construction and arrangement of parts may be made Without aifecting the principle of my invention.

IVhat Iclaim is 1. In a metal pressing and shaping machine, the combination of the anvil G, the self-adjusting die C, the sliding former I, and the folding device H, substantially as described.

2. In a metal shaping and pressing machine, the combination of an anvil, a yielding die, a sliding former adapted to be moved along the pressing-face of said die, a pivoted folding device, and suitable operating mechanism substantially as described.

3. In a metal pressing and shaping machine, the combination of an anvil, a yielding die, a sliding former adapted to be moved along the face of said die, a pivoted folding device, a vertically-movable frame provided with suitable shaping devices and. having means for operating the folder and former, and a piston for actuating the frame and die, substantially as described.

4:. In ametal pressing and shaping machine, the combination of an anvil having bearings for a rock-shaft, a folding device carried by said rock-shaft, a yielding die, a sliding former adapted to move along the face of the die, said former being provided with a pointed end and carrying a vertical mandrel, a vertically-moving frame having a vertical mandrel and shaping devices and provided With means for operating the folder and the sliding former, a steam-cylinder, and a piston for actuating the frame and die, substantially as described. 5. In a metal pressing and shaping machine, the combination of the die 0, the sliding former I, and the anvil G, the faces of said die and anvil being inclined at any suitable angle, substantially as described.

I11 testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

H. E. MARCHAND. Witnesses:

H. K. TYLER, D. MCKELVEY. 

